Hedge fund – LUCKY IDIOT

We can create wealth from trading and investing to equities, commodity, currency, real estate etc. but we should do what is comfortable for us. Each and everything is not comfortable for us which is not comfortable for us, we should not do it at all. A performing task which is out of our comfort zone can prove as expensive for us. If Sachin Tendulkar starts singing and Legendary Lata Mangeshkar start playing cricket than both might meet failure.

We have to follow Mr. Buffett’s advice of circle of competence. Mr. Buffett did not buy any IT stocks during an IT bubble though he under-performed. We can prepare a circle of incompetence for not doing anything which falls into that circle.

Consider fool among others is better than losing capital to demonstrate as a smart.

Michael Steinhardt has a decent performance over the S&P500. If anyone has invested $10000 in the year 1967 then those funds turn out to be $4.8 million and $190000 in the year 1995 from Michael firm and S&P500 respectively.

During the year 1993, Hedge fund has shown a bull run where every investor wants to give their fund to hedge fund manager to make an investment. Here, Mr. Michael also got a huge fund to manage which is around 200 times more than the amount with he has started a fund. But due to huge fund size, he faced difficulties to deploy fund to small & midcap companies so that he has started roaming around the world and started deploying fund to the area which is out of his competence. His major fortune was made through trading to the US stocks but out of US, he was little aware with the economy of businesses and political systems. He has started deploying fund across the world which is out of his expertise.

This mistake has broken him badly psychologically and he could not able to retrieve himself again.

We always have to focus on to the eliminate errors because that is only into our control, everything else we cannot control. If we keep on eliminating errors, then we have a better chance to win the game. During the FY14-18, the majority of the equity fund manager at India got a huge fund inflow due to the huge liquidity and not enough return from other assets class. Hence, many of them have occurred mistakes due to overconfidence and started to go outside their expertise.

I was a deep discount and bargain hunter investor. My investment career gets to evolve with the time and my investment philosophy slowly transform from great bargain to quality businesses. But I have always take care of not losing capital so that I have invested with a lower percentage of my portfolio to the evolving area. Such a way I have made an experiment with my investment decision. (Still, my attraction towards bargain is with me).

Read for more detail: Big Mistakes: The Best Investors and Their Worst Investments by Michael Batnick

I have written on this topic is due to current market fall and fear into the mind of an investor. We are seeing many uncertainties hindering the growth of the economy, rising crude oil prices, commodity prices, fiscal deficit, banks NPA, government expenditure, rising interest rate, the success of GST, structural changes into the economy. All such events will impact the growth of business positively or negatively. If we try to put all such events into different scenarios then we can come to know what can be a probable return from SENSEX in coming 10 years.

For the calculation of probable return, I have taken a formula which is given by John P. Hussman. John P. Hussman is the U.S.A stock market analyst and owner of the hedge fund.

Formula –

Annualized Return (%) = (1+g)(future PE or P/BV / current PE or P/BV)^(1/T) – 1 + dividend yield (current PE or P/BV / future PE or P/BV + 1) / 2

G = Business earning growth, P/E = Price to Earnings ratio, P/BV = Price to Book Value ratio

Return of our investment is based on –

Business Earning Growth – Our investment return will grow if particular business earning will grow. Investment return is directly related with the earning of a business. If business survives for the longer period of time with generating the higher return on invested capital with earnings growth then we will able to earn a decent return from particular business.

Dividends – Dividends comes from the earning of the company. If a company distributes dividends to shareholders with growing earnings, the dividend is an additional return for the shareholders with the appreciation of business value. As per Mr.Buffett, if the company does not have a reinvesting opportunity available or business does not able to generate a higher return than the cost of capital then management should distribute earnings in form of dividends.

Changes in the valuation – the Stock price of the particular business is also affected by the changes in the valuation such as changes into the P/E, P/BV, P/S (Price to Sales) or Market Cap to Sales, etc.

Assumptions –

Dividend yield (%) is assumed to be 0.50% to 1.00%.
Business Earning Growth (%) is assumed 3.50% (a rate, which is half of the current GDP growth), 7% (current GDP growth rate) and 14% (twice of current GDP growth rate). Assuming average earnings growth of various businesses comprises SENSEX.
Future P/E taken as 19x (Historical average of last 20 years since the year 1998), 21x (10% premium on historical average P/E) and 23x (20% premium on historical average P/E).
Future P/BV taken as 3.29x (Historical average of last 20 years since the year 1998), 3.62x (10% premium on historical average P/BV) and 3.95x (20% premium on historical average P/BV).

SENSEX

We can use a similar kind of valuation matrix for the particular business itself. Here, I have also shown valuation calculation of an air cooler manufacturing company of India, I have calculated as I was at the year 2012 and what can be a probable return from particular business till the year 2022.

Stock 1

If we consider actual business performance then sales of the company have been grown by 17% CAGR since the year 2012 to the year 2018. But the stock price has been increased to Rs.2209 (high price and the current price is Rs.967) from Rs.130. This entire return is come to the stock only because of valuation multiple expansion such as P/E, P/BV, EV/EBITDA etc. Similar period has P/E increased to 85x (high P/E and current P/E is 46x) from 23.63x and P/BV increased to 33x (high P/BV and current P/BV is 11x) from 5.84x.

Disclosure – I am not using this valuation matrix in my investment journey till now. This is only one of the valuation matrix and we need to use a different appropriate valuation matrix for reaching to a value range.

Learn matrix from –

http://hussmanfunds.com/wmc/wmc050222.htm

https://www.gurufocus.com/stock-market-valuations.php