10 – ONCE A DARLING, NOW AN EVIL

The tenth part of Series “Once a darling, now an evil”. This series is based on the companies which were once upon a time darling of the market and now, it has wiped out the majority of all those gains. I am trying to put some of the number-crunching facts by which we have identified ongoing issues in the companies and have saved our wealth.

I am starting this part with one of a jewelry company that has an all-time high price of ~Rs.649 in 2013 and now last traded price at Rs.1.05.

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In the first instance this company having huge sales and profit growth. This creates a temptation to buy with missing out of the opportunity. But after the series of articles, we know to not get tempted with sales & PAT growth.

So, we go deeper ….

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Huge debtor days, Debt/equity increasing so RoE% is due to the higher leverage.

I would like to go further detail of it.

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If we look at the common size balance sheet then the majority part of the assets side was other assets that have receivables & inventories. Also, cash getting reduces and borrowings getting higher. Also, when a company growing at a higher rate then what is the need for higher borrowings after using good cash balance?

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The company got debt at a lower rate. Curious and that is also at the time of higher interest rate. Also, the company has to pay lower taxes. Wow… lower interest rate and lower taxes.

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The company has FCCB which is a more dangerous kind of foreign debt.

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Negative CFO in two years and also if we compare cumulative CFO with cumulative PAT then CCFO<CPAT.

The company owns ~39 subsidiaries and associates companies which can be suspicious.

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Company has given ~Rs.1400+ cr of loan and advances to subsidiaries companies on interest-free basis and repayment is beyond seven years.

Disclosure – Companies mentioned in the article are just for an example & educational purpose. It is not a buy/sell/ hold recommendation.

This series contains learning from books –

Financial Shenanigans

Quality of Earnings

The Financial Numbers Game

Creative Cash Flow Reporting

MIND YOUR OWN BUSINESS – RICH DAD POOR DAD

We have seen in the previous chapter that many of us working for the others and lastly that would keep us into the financial struggle. We consider many things as an asset such as a car, wristwatch, expensive products, smartphone etc. But does it have the same value when we going for sold?

Though we are doing a job we need to build an asset which has a real value. This act only can help us to become rich.

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When we earn during our job, we need to focus on buying an asset rather than spending money on luxury items. Rich spend last on luxury items but poor spend it on first. These luxury items will create an impression of a rich person but actually, we stuck into the more debt trapped. We should focus on not to look rich, but to be rich. We need to understand the difference between looking rich and being rich. Looking rich is easy nowadays and anyone can look rich but being rich is difficult. We have to control our emotions, saved ourselves from social traps, not falling into the debt trap, etc. We need to make an arrangement that our assets earn for us and we buy luxury from that income rather buy it on the credit. Credit help us to fulfil our temptation immediately but using that we cannot put our step forward to being rich.

Poor and middle-class people suggest that rich people should get punished through tax but actually, middle-class people get highly punished through taxes. They try to look rich and buy an asset which does not have real value so that they have to pay a tax when they acquire depreciating assets. And rich people buy appreciating assets which don’t have higher taxation compared to depreciating assets and also earn income from it.

Disclosure – Companies mentioned in the article are just for an example & educational purpose. It is not a buy/sell/ hold recommendation. 

Read for more detail: Rich Dad Poor Dad: What the Rich Teach their Kids About Money that the Poor and Middle Class Do Not!

WHY TEACH FINANCIAL LITERACY? – RICH DAD POOR DAD

If we see many of the richest people have failed and died in a poorer life. What happened to them? What can be the true reason?

If we have a Money without proper financial intelligence then it will sooner or later find a way to go away from us. It is not always important to make huge money but important is to learn how to keep money with us. If we make huge money and does not able to keep it with us then that is of no use.

“Rich people acquire assets. The poor and middle class acquire liabilities that they think are assets,” said rich dad.

We must have to understand the difference between assets and liability for getting rich.

What we need to understand for understanding assets and liability are – An asset puts money in my pocket.  A liability takes money out of my pocket.

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As our income increases, similarly, our expense increases or might be increased higher than income. This will further increase our liability side such as mortgages, credit cards payments, etc. We go for the shopping, we make shopping with full of credit card, we extend our loan for 30 years to make yearly lower payments. And these all keep pushing us to the rat race. These liabilities make us helpless to continue with the rate race. But when we look for the cash flow pattern of a rich person then the rich person has many assets which help to manage all the expenses and also has multiple income streams. Creating multiple assets only help a person to become a rich person.

A person can be highly educated, professionally successful, and financially illiterate.

We keep on repeating the same mistakes again and again – get a secured job, work hard to get a good paycheck, diversify, our house is an asset, our house is our biggest investment, don’t make a mistake, don’t take a risk etc.

Fear of sports, relationships, getting socialize, career, business, money and all these attract us to play in the safe. We start evolving ourselves, outlook our fear and look inside to find out our wisdom. Our education system is designed in such a way that we get trapped into many of the fears. Schools teach us to study well, get good grades, get a good job. Does it solve our actual problems? When I look back and think then I got an answer that they produce me as a good employee but where are the good money handling skills, skill to engage money to work for myself, skill to become an employer? I have to build all these by myself and if we think calmly then similar has happened with the majority of us.

The mindset of the majority of us in the society is led us towards a safer zone which creates a distance. This mindset creates distance between rich mindset people and poor mindset people, between us and the majority of society. The same I have observed in my life. I always remain a bright student during my studies because I always taught in a way that I have to get a good grade and get a good, secure job. Though many of my family members are engaged in the business. I never have forced to do what everyone else said, I have a freedom of decision but I cannot get escape from the mindset of everyone and engage into the biggest mistake with accepting that common mindset. I have always told to my professor that one day I will become a successful businessman but my mindset was not suitable for that decision. My mindset is of getting safer and secure, fear of losing paycheck due to struggle in past. I experience that struggle with the proper mindset can build us stronger but struggle with a poor mindset builds us weaker. So that as I keep on achieving my different dreams but get distance from original dreams of becoming independent, freedom of time and getting financial freedom. I am telling this from my experience that, it is much difficult for us to change our mindset. It took a tremendous time for me. I suggest it to everyone that we should get out of the trapped from such fears in our early life, else we have to suffer a lot and have to do a tough fight with ourselves to get proper mindset.

I have discussed in the previous chapter that we should use emotion to favour our financial decision. But we get much emotional when it comes to making a financial decision. Especially house, I have a personal experience regarding it. All of my relatives forced to sell off my old house and moved to the bigger house by taking a huge loan for 20 years. In our society, the house is our status symbol, good big house for welcoming society people, proof of getting more wealthier (as we get wealthier, we have to move from old smaller house to new bigger house), proof that we are working with a good paycheck,  getting lots of hate & humiliation if not upgrading your house, vehicles, lifestyle with an upgraded paycheck. But no one guides an investment, how to make extra money which can support cash outflows, they advise how to stay with rat race only.

We should buy a house but first, we need to create an asset which supports the cash outflows due to purchase of a new house.

Why rich get richer? The answer is into the above image. Rich having a more asset than liabilities which generates enough cash flow to support all expenses and left with huge for reinvesting it for an asset. This process helps them to grows their assets and income from assets. Such activities led to make them richer.

Opposite activities performed by the poor and middle-class people. And that brings them down more and more. Also, keep them into the rat race. This class only has one source of income and that is salary. So, for increasing their income they have to be strongly performed into the rat race. Poor and middle-class people are taking the major risk by playing safer and not taking a risk.

People attract towards the products which seem to be safer to them. If we want to sell any of the products to the people then show it as a safer product, everyone stands into the queue to purchase it.

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Mr Fuller has defined wealth – Wealth is a person’s ability to survive so many numbers of days forward—or, if I stopped working today, how long could I survive?

When we have a lesser expense, lesser liabilities compared to the income and assets then obviously we will survive for a longer period. Else, we will go out of the game soon. Similarly, we can compare with the companies in which we want to invest.

Disclosure – Companies mentioned in the article are just for an example & educational purpose. It is not a buy/sell/ hold recommendation. 

Read for more detail: Rich Dad Poor Dad: What the Rich Teach their Kids About Money that the Poor and Middle Class Do Not!

06 – ONCE A DARLING, NOW AN EVIL

The sixth part of Series “Once a darling, now an evil”. This series is based on the companies which were once upon a time darling of the market and now, it has wiped out the majority of all those gains. I am trying to put some of the number-crunching facts by which we have identified ongoing issues in the companies and have saved our wealth.

I am starting this part with one of shipbuilding and ship repair company which has an all-time high price of ~Rs.992 in 2008 and now last traded price at Rs.1.20.

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On the first instance this company having huge sales and profit growth. This creates a temptation to buy with missing out of the opportunity.

Also, when we look at the terms of trade (i.e. debtors to creditor ratio)

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Wonderful… should buy it immediately….

But when we go for deepen….

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Payable is growing rapidly and it was higher than total expenses. This creates a sense of cautions that which vendor allow to keep this long credit? Also, if the company is capable to pay then why the company is not paying dues?

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When we look at the Inventories, then inventory as a % of sales is higher than the sales. Means company has a good inventory pile up. Also, inventory days are above a year.

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Now, when we look at the common size balance sheet of the company than almost 89% of the balance sheet was in other assets in FY06. It makes me curious that whether it is a manufacturing company or an NBFC. If we go for a breakup of those other assets then the majority of the part was in inventories and remaining? The remaining part was in loans and advances. I don’t have an old annual report but when looking for the FY10 annual report then such things get cleared. That was almost 25% of balance sheet and ~40%+ of other assets in FY10.

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The company also has understated its depreciation. If we compare the depreciation rate with the peer companies then peer company has an almost double rate then the company.

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If we look at the taxation as per the Cash flow tax rate then it is substantially lower this creates a doubt that why to pay less tax than actual payment. There can be possible to have an artificially boosted profitability in the P&L account.

Disclosure – Companies mentioned in the article are just for an example & educational purpose. It is not a buy/sell/ hold recommendation.